Arab Uprising Essay - 2124 Words

How has the rise of social media technologies affected political stabilities in the Middle East? Background of the study Middle East countries have been faced by a challenge where leaders lock information. Locking information has resulted to limitation on the flow of information inside Middle East and to the external world. Out of this challenge, democracy in the Middle East has been suppressed and citizens left to suffer. Leaders refuse to listen to the people they rule and dictatorship followed course. This reached to a situation whereby citizens organize themselves with an objective to protest in their countries. This has resulted to not less than two dictators being overthrown. Two dictators from Egypt and Tunisia have been†¦show more content†¦New technologies and ideas have been developing and the benefits of these developments have been coordinated with the world systems thoroughly. Some changes that have been taking place such as social media advancement have fully impacted the way lives and the world operates. The growth of the social mass media, the new developments of mass communications that have been welcomed into the world have thoroughly brought about restructuring the perspectives of human beings especially in the Middle East. The rise of the mass media; magazines, books, motion pictures, television and newspapers have affected most aspects of human life especially in the Middle East countries (Kamlipour 1997). United States media coverage of activities in the countries of the Middle East has provided the entire world with a very complex and special informative field such that many scholars from different parts of the world have been carrying out studies and analysis on the subject (Kamlipour 1997). Many scholars have specialized in writing books and articles with the aim of informing people concerning the coups, conflicts, terrorism activities, uprisings and disasters that have been taking place in the Middle East. Many people have been able to access information on the wild cultu res in the Middle East such that a country like the United States has been trying its best to help the people of the Middle East (Stenslie,Show MoreRelatedThe Uprising Of The Arab World1223 Words   |  5 PagesOn December 18, 2010, a revolution in Tunisia initiated a rise in rebellion across the Arab world. Egypt, Lybia, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Jordan, and Syria arose in revolutionary demonstrations, riots, protests (violent and non-violent), and in some civil wars. Syria had the most ruinous ramification. In fear of his regime being overthrown the president of Syria Bashar al-Assad initiated fire in a nonviolent protest in attempts to restore order. His retaliation only inculcated more anger inRead MoreThe Arab Uprisings: Book Review Essay2078 Words   |  9 PagesPOLI 227 TA: Sherif Fouad The Arab Uprising: The Unfinished Revolutions of the New Middle East Marc Lynch defines the 2011 Arab uprisings as â€Å"an exceptionally rapid, intense, and nearly simultaneous explosions of popular protest across an Arab world united by shared transnational media and bound by a common identity† (Lynch, 9). In his book The Arab Uprising: The Unfinished Revolutions of the New Middle East, he sets out to put the events of the Arab uprising into perspective and to create aRead MoreThe Arab Spring Is A Term For A Series Of Protests, And Uprisings Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesArab Uprisings The Arab Spring is a term for a series of protests, and uprisings within the Middle East dating back to 2010. Some of the conditions in the Arab world on the eve of the Arab Uprisings include things such as the persistence of authoritarianism, high poverty and unemployment rates, and youth disenfranchisement. In regards to the persistence of authoritarianism, there are â€Å"5 major reasons that authoritarian governments were able to survive in the Middle East for so long. These includeRead MoreThe Arab Uprising : The Unfinished Revolution Of The New Middle East943 Words   |  4 PagesThe Arab uprising: The unfinished revolution of the new Middle East. Marc Lynch. New York: Public Affairs, 2012. 269 pp. The Middle East has been involved in turmoil for a quite some time. For years, many revolutions have taken place within the borders of the Middle Eastern area of the world. Outside influences, the United States of America in particular, have tried to decrease the turmoil with military and policy intervention. These efforts have not taken into account the needs of the people involvedRead MoreThe Arab Spring Uprisings Essay3053 Words   |  13 PagesThe Arab Spring Uprisings are political protests against the governments of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Morocco, and Jordan. (Manfreda, ) The protests began in Tunisia when a vegetable vendor set himself on fire in protest of the actions of the government. This incident is said to have been the â€Å"spark† that fueled the action of the people to overthrow their governments. This region is being watched by every country in the world. The world is watching to see how it will affectRead MoreLibya s Transition Of The Arab Uprising Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesintervention. The UN intervened in Libya for human rights reasons, not to facilitate a regime change. Shortly after Gaddafi was killed, foreign assistance disappeared leaving Libya fragile and hostile. The Libyan civil war began as a part of the Arab uprising, with two main opposing forces, the government and rebel militias. The military groups that had once fought to topple Gaddafi began to turn on each other in an attempt to gain power and oil wealth. Libya is now more ideologically divided than everRead MoreThe Arab Uprisings Improved Human Rights3403 Words   |  14 Pages Chapter 1: Origins (Intro) How have the Arab Uprisings improved human rights in Egypt? MUBARAKS GOV BAD FOR HUMAN RIGHTS MORSIS GOVERNMENT WORST IS THERE HOPE NOW (WITH NEW GOV) 1. Where did uprisings begin? Which rights existed? DEFINE -Muslim Brotherhood -Sharia Chapter 2: Women’s rights in Egypt There is a widespread belief in Egypt that gender equality is an attack on Egyptian culture and a foreign agenda imposed by the West rather than a basic human right. All successive EgyptianRead MoreThe Arab Spring Was The Most Significant Modern Uprising1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe Arab Spring was the most significant modern uprising in the Middle East, a series of rebellions led by people tired of what had been the status quo. This domino effect was set into motion by Mohamed Bouazizi, a fruit vendor, who lit himself on fire, rather than continue living under the oppressive Tunisian Government. It is only with his death did he believe that his ideas would be heard. To him, his death was more effective than any speech could ever be, that in and of itself, his death becameRead MoreSyrian Uprising : Syria A Socialist Republic That Formed Part Of The Arab Homeland1789 Words   |  8 PagesKristian Coronado Professor†¦ Political science†¦ 3 November 2014 Syrian Uprising Syria, expanding over 185,180 square kilometers of southwest Asia, is located at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. It includes five main geographic zones. These are the; Jazirah in the northeast; a country with low rolling hills, the area east of the Ansariyah and Anti-lebanon ranges, the Euphrates river that crosses a desert region, the coastal plain along the Mediterranean shore, and the mountain and hillRead MoreThe Identity Of The Arab Nations National Identity1366 Words   |  6 Pageschanging conditions and self-conceptions; together these deny total separation as well as complete incorporation in the way communities relate to one another is fortified by shared images and origins† (Barakat, Halim). The national identity of the Arab Nations national identity is said to be focused on language. Albert Hourani stated in his most famous book, â€Å"Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age† by Albert Hourani asserts that Arabic people are more focused on their language more than any other peoples

Advantages of Communication in Today’s Life Free Essays

Ted Childs, IBM’s vice president of global workforce diversity, knows from years of experience that communicating successfully across cultures is no simple task, however—particularly in a company that employs more than 325,000 people and sells to customers in roughly 175 countries around the world. Language alone presents a formidable barrier to communication when you consider that IBM’s workforce speaks more than 165 languages, but language is just one of many elements that play a role in communication between cultures. Differences in age, ethnic background, gender, sexual orientation, physical ability, and economic status can all affect the communication process. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages of Communication in Today’s Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now Childs recognizes that these differences represent both a challenge and an oopportunity, and a key part of his job is helping IBM executives and employees work together in a way that transforms their cultural differences into a critical business strength. As he Ted Childs oversees IBM’s efforts to build competitive advantage by capitalizing on the benefits of a diverse workforce. 64 WORLD IBM’s experience (profiled in the chapter-opening Communication Close-Up) illustrates both the challenges and the opportunities for business professionals who know how to communicate with diverse audiences. Although the concept is often framed in terms of ethnic background, a broader and more useful definition of diversity â€Å"includes all the characteristics and experiences that define each of us as individuals. †2 As you’ll learn in this chapter, these characteristics and experiences can have a profound effect on the way businesspeople communicate. To a large degree, these effects on communication are the result of fundamental differences between cultures. Intercultural communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people whose cultural background could lead them to interpret verbal and nonverbal signs differently. Every attempt to send and receive messages is influenced by culture, so to communicate successfully, you’ll need a basic grasp of the cultural differences you may encounter and how you should handle them. Your efforts to recognize and surmount cultural differences will open up business opportunities tthroughout the world and maximize the contribution of all the employees in a diverse workforce. The Opportunities in a Global Marketplace You will communicate with people from other cultures tthroughout your career. You might be a business manager looking for new customers or new sources of labor. Or you might be an employee looking for new work opportunities. Either way, chances are good that you’ll be looking across international borders sometime in your career. Thousands of U. S. businesses depend on exports for significant portions of their revenues. Every year, these companies export roughly $700 billion in materials and merchandise, along with billions more in personal and professional services. If you work in one of these companies, you may well be called on to visit or at least communicate with a wide vvariety of people who speak languages other than English and who live in cultures quite different from what you’re used to (see Figure 3. 1). Of the top ten export markets for U. S. products, only three (Canada, Great Britain, and Singapore) speak English as an official language, and two of those three (Canada and Singapore) have more than one official language. 3 In the global marketplace, most natural boundaries and national borders are no longer the impassable barriers they once were. Domestic markets are opening to worldwide competition as businesses of all sizes look for new growth opportunities outside their own countries. For example, automotive giant Ford markets to customers in some 130 countries, providing websites that offer local information, usually in the local language. 4 The diversity of today’s workforce brings distinct advantages to businesses: †¢ A broader range of views and ideas †¢ A better understanding of diverse, fragmented markets †¢ A broader pool of talent from which to recruit The Advantages of a Diverse Workforce Even if you never visit another country or transact business on a global scale, you will interact with colleagues from a vvariety of cultures with a wide range of characteristics and life experiences. Over the past few decades, many innovative companies have changed the way they approach diversity, from seeing it as a legal requirement to provide equal opportunities to seeing it as a strategic oopportunity to connect with customers and take advantage of the broadest possible pool of talent. 5 Smart business leaders such as IBM’s Ted CHAPTER 3 Communicating in a World of Diversity 65 FIGURE 3. 1 Languages of the World This map illustrates the incredible array of languages used around the world. Each dot represents the geographic center of the more than 6,900 languages tracked by the linguistic research firm SIL International. Even if all of your business communication takes place in English, you will interact with audiences who speak a vvariety of other native languages. Childs recognize the competitive advantages of a diverse workforce that offers a broader spectrum of viewpoints and ideas, helps companies understand and identify with diverse markets, and enables companies to benefit from a wider range of employee talents. As Renee Wingo of Virgin Mobile USA, a cell phone operator based in Warren, New Jersey, puts it, â€Å"You’re not going to create any magic as a manager unless you bring together people with diverse perspectives who aren’t miniversions of you. †6 Diversity is simply a fact of life for all companies. The United States has been a nation of immigrants from the beginning, and that trend continues today. The Western and Northern Europearns who made up the bulk of immigrants during the nation’s early years now share space with people from across Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and other parts of the world. By 2010 recent immigrants will account for half of all new U. S. workers. 7 Even the term minority, as it applies to nonwhite residents, makes less and less sense every year: In two states (California and New Mexico) and several dozen large Communication among people of diverse cultural backgrounds cities, Caucasian Americans no longer constitute a clear ma- and life experiences is not always easy, but doing it successfully jority. 8 Nor is this pattern of immigration unique to the United can create tremendous strategic advantages. States: Workers from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East are moving to Europe in search of new opportunities, while workers from India, the Philippines, and Southeast Asia contribute to the employment base of the Middle East. 9 However, you and your colleagues don’t need to be recent immigrants to constitute a diverse workforce. Differences in everything from age and gender to religion and ethnic heritage to geography and military experience enrich the workplace. Both immigration and workforce diversity create advantages—and challenges—for business communicators tthroughout the world. 6 PART 1 Understanding the Foundations of Business Communication The Challenges of Intercultural Communication A company’s cultural diversity affects how its business messages are conceived, composed, delivered, received, and interpreted. Culture influences everything about communication, including †¢ Language †¢ Nonverbal signals †¢ Word meaning †¢ Time and space issues †¢ Rules of human relationships Diversity affects how business messages are conceived, planned, sent, received, and interpreted in the workplace. Today’s increasingly diverse workforce encompasses a wide range of skills, traditions, backgrounds, experiences, outlooks, and attitudes toward work—all of which can affect employee behavior on the job. Supervisors face the challenge of communicating with these diverse employees, motivating them, and fostering cooperation and harmony among them. Teams face the challenge of working together closely, and companies are challenged to coexist peacefully with business partners and with the community as a whole. The interaction of culture and communication is so pervasive that separating the two is virtually impossible. The way you communicate—from the language you speak and the nonverbal signals you send to the way you perceive other people—is influenced by the culture in which you were raised. The meaning of words, the significance of gestures, the importance of time and space, the rules of human relationships—these and many other aspects of communication are defined by culture. To a large degree, your culture influences the way you think, which naturally affects the way you communicate as both a sender and a receiver. 0 So you can see how intercultural communication is much more complicated than simply matching language between sender and receiver. It goes beyond mere words to beliefs, values, and emotions. Tthroughout this chapter, you’ll see numerous examples of how communication styles and habits vary from one culture to another. These examples are intended to illustrate the major themes of intercultural communication, not to give an exhaustive list of styles and ha bits of any particular culture. How to cite Advantages of Communication in Today’s Life, Papers

Microbiology Moss as Preservative

Question: Discuss about theMicrobiologyfor Moss as Preservative. Answer: Introduction The study related to moss has been one of the neglected areas in the biological science as people were not aware of its benefits. However, according to Gerdol, et al., (2017), the recent studies have shown that the chemical properties of moss have a unique characteristic that can help highly beneficial. The antimicrobial property of the moss can be used in cure of deadly disease like cancer. The current report focuses on various aspects of antimicrobial property of moss that can be used cure disease and also be used as preservatives. Use of Moss as Preservative According to Taura et al., (2014), Sphagnum is pectin like compound that is found within the species of Sphagnum moss that has the chemical property to inhibit the growth of some of the typical food spoilage and bacteria responsible for food poisoning. With the help of the carbohydrate polymer that is found within the Sphagnum moss can help to deal with the consequence related to food spoilage. The acid form of Sphagnum can kill and inhibit the further growth of the bacteria that is responsible for causing food poisoning. This is thus achieved by lowering the pH of the environment, which is highly unfavorable for the growth of food poisoning bacteria. Antimicrobial Property of Moss The mosses are one of the simplest terrestrial plants that belong to the second largest taxonomic group in plant kingdom. There are nearly 25,000 bryophyte plant species, and many of the species have some unique biological beneficial property. With the help of the ethanol extraction of moss, it is possible to understand the chemical composition of moss that can help in understanding the biological activity. The chemical composition of moss consists of polysaccharides and the chemical properties of those compounds have not been studied properly. With the help of extrapolation of the compounds that are needed in the process can help to deal with understanding the properties of the compound. According to the analysis of Ertrk et al., (2015), the biologically active compounds that are obtained from extrapolation of moss can be used as antimicrobial agents. All the lipid and polysaccharide compounds that help in the process will help to ensure that they can be used in the process of treat ment of deadly diseases. With the help lipids that are present within the moss, they act as secondary metabolite. With the help of the process of lipid extraction, it is possible to understand the importance of these compounds that are used antimicrobial agents. The Sphagnum moss is one of the major categories of the species that helps in the process of natural biological preservation. According to Basile et al., (1999), the excess of nitrogen that are found in the atmosphere can reduce the growth rate of sphagnum moss. Klavina et al., (2015), have mentioned about some of the species of Indian moss, which includes Sphagnum junghuhnianum, can be used as one of the major source of traditional medicine that can be used to cure various bacterial and viral infection disease. Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus etc are few of the microorganism that are affected due to the action of the moss species that are found in the Indian Subcontinent (Singh et al., 2007). The microbial agents upon which, the moss species acts upon, depends upon the kind of the chemical properties of individual moss. Recommendations Sphagnum moss is regarded as one of the main natural food preservative and antimicrobial agent. Hence, it is recommended to make use of this food preservative in order to improve the health condition. The use of the sphagnum moss is regarded as one of the main form of traditional medicine, it is important to ensure that further research is done in order to improve the use of the traditional medicine. Conclusion With the advancement of modern research it is possible to understand the chemical properties of different moss species that helps to act as food preservatives and antimicrobial agents. More species of moss has been discovered that helps in the matter of acting as food preservatives. Reference Basile, A., Giordano, S., Lpez-Sez, J. A., Cobianchi, R. C. (1999). Antibacterial activity of pure flavonoids isolated from mosses.Phytochemistry,52(8), 1479-1482. Ertrk, ., Sahin, H., Ertrk, E. Y., Hotaman, H. E., Koz, B., zdemir, . (2015). The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts obtained from some moss species in Turkey.Herba Polonica,61(4), 52-65. Gerdol, R., Petraglia, A., Bragazza, L., Iacumin, P., Brancaleoni, L. (2007). Nitrogen deposition interacts with climate in affecting production and decomposition rates in Sphagnum mosses.Global Change Biology,13(8), 1810-1821. Klavina, L., Springe, G., Nikolajeva, V., Martsinkevich, I., Nakurte, I., Dzabijeva, D., Steinberga, I. (2015). Chemical composition analysis, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity screening of Moss extracts (Moss Phytochemistry).Molecules,20(9), 17221-17243. Singh, M., Rawat, A. K. S., Govindarajan, R. (2007). Antimicrobial activity of some Indian mosses.Fitoterapia,78(2), 156-158. Taura, D. W., Lawan, S., Gumel, S. M., Umar, S., Sadisu, U. F. (2014). Anti bacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale and Pipper nigrum against some clinical isolates.Communications in Applied Sciences,2(1), 52.